In this style, you have some flexibility about how exactly to integrate the citation: Davis (2016) argues that the theory is “sound.” Other researchers, however, have contradicted this assessment (Lee et al. In author-date style, citations are placed directly in the text in parentheses. One hundred people responded to the survey.Ĭhicago provides guidelines for not one but two citation styles: author-date and notes and bibliography.Either rewrite the sentence so that the numeral or acronym appears elsewhere, or write out the full phrase or number: Neither numerals nor acronyms should be used at the beginning of a sentence. For example, you would write “ninety-five,” not “95.” But numerals should still be used when you’re referring to a specific measurement (e.g., “15 cm”) and when using decimals (e.g., “1.5”).Īcronyms should be introduced the first time you refer to the thing they stand for: The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) advocates for …Īfter this point, you can use the acronym alone. Unlike the rest of the text, they are not double-spaced.Ĭhicago recommends using words, not numerals, for numbers lower than 100. Instead, a blank line separates them from the surrounding text on both sides and they are indented by an additional ½ inch. Prose quotations of five or more lines (or more than 100 words), as well as poetry quotations of two or more lines, are presented as block quotes.īlock quotes do not use quotation marks. For example, you might use a larger font for chapter headings, bold for section headings, and italics for subheadings: If you use different levels of heading (e.g., chapters, sections, subheadings), make sure your presentation makes clear which type of heading each one is.Īll headings of one level should be presented the same way, and higher-level headings should stand out more from the text. Headings should use headline capitalization: The title page should not have a page number, but should be included in the page count-in other words, the page numbering starts on page 2. Each new piece of information appears on a new line. If you have a subtitle, the main title ends with a colon and the subtitle appears on the following line, also in bold and the same size as the main title.Ībout ⅔ of the way down the page, add any information your instructor requests you to include-your name, student code, the course name and code, the date, etc. The title should appear about ⅓ of the way down the page, in headline capitalization and in bold. Page numbers can be placed either in the top right or the bottom center of the page-one or the other, not both.Ī Chicago title page isn’t required-often it’s sufficient to just include your title at the top of the first page-but if you’re asked to include one, Turabian provides guidelines for how to present it.Īll text on the title page should be center-aligned and double-spaced, and written in the same font as the rest of your text. Text should be left-aligned and not “justified” (meaning that the right margin should look ragged). The main text should be double-spaced, and each new paragraph should begin with a ½ inch indent. Use margins of at least 1 inch on all sides of the page. Frequently asked questions about Chicago formatĬhicago doesn’t require a specific font or font size, but recommends using something simple and readable (e.g., 12 pt.Just select the one with the citation style you’re following. Template documents set up in Chicago style are available to download below. Note that any specific formatting advice from your instructor or faculty overrules these guidelines. Place page numbers in the top right or bottom center.To automatically generate accurate Chicago references, you can use Scribbr’s free reference generator: When writing a paper in Chicago style, these are the guidelines to follow for the sake of simplicity, the term “Chicago” is used here. The information in this article is largely drawn from Turabian style-a version of Chicago style aimed at students and researchers. Chicago Style Format for Papers | Requirements & Examples
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